Additionally, students from marginalized groups are more likely to accrue high levels of student debt ($25,000 or more), take longer to repay their loans, and struggle with debt repayment. The odds of enrollment for professional programs are higher for self-funded (not relying on student loans), non-racialized, Canadian-born-citizens, males, with high levels of parental education in Ontario. An analysis of student debt is also performed to investigate the management of large PSE student loans.įindings reveal that students from more privileged and affluent backgrounds are more likely to be enrolled in first-degree professional programs, both nationally and in Ontario. Logistic regression models are used to predict the likelihood of professional or regulated program enrollment controlling for social markers such as source of funding, race/ethnicity, SES, gender, etc. A secondary data analysis using the 2018 National Graduates Survey (NGS) is conducted. This study seeks to explore the differences between student demographics of first-degree (undergraduate) professional and regulated programs in Ontario.
In 2006, tuition differentiation assigned professional programs higher tuition fees than regulated program, revealing a new, reconstructed version of tuition deregulation. This shift has led to a rapid increase, and at times, deregulation of PSE tuition fees.
Through the process of neoliberalization, the lack of public financing has created a funding gap for universities and colleges, which has been increasingly filled by relying on private sources of funding, primarily in the form of tuition fees. This trend is one of the neoliberal measures which seeks to reorganize the structures and distribution patterns of public goods and services.
In recent decades, we have seen various governing bodies reduce their economic support for the publicly funded post-secondary education (PSE) system in Canada.
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